News

Sodium thiosulfate, sodium sulfite and sodium metabisulfite can all reduce chlorine, but they are not interchangeable in purchasing or operation. Sodium thiosulfate is often the practical choice when clean crystal or granule handling and flexible batch dosing matter. Sodium sulfite is a straightforward dry sulfite for general industrial dechlorination and oxygen-scavenging duties. Sodium metabisulfite supplies a high concentration of active sulfite in a compact dry product and is widely used for controlled wastewater and reverse-osmosis pretreatment. The right choice depends on the chlorine species, required residual, dosing equipment, storage conditions, downstream process and the product specification—not simply the lowest price per tonne.

The two forms are the same salt at different water contents. Anhydrous calcium chloride (CaCl₂, 94% min) carries no water of crystallization, so it is more concentrated, absorbs moisture more aggressively, and releases more heat when it dissolves — the choice for oil drilling, desiccants, refrigeration brine, and fast, cold-weather de-icing. Dihydrate calcium chloride (CaCl₂·2H₂O, 74–77%) holds bound water, which makes it more stable and cheaper per kilo — the practical choice for routine de-icing, dust control, water treatment, and high-volume, cost-sensitive work.

All three sizes of sodium thiosulfate pentahydrate are the same chemical to the same specification — only the physical form differs. Choose 1–3 mm when you need the fastest dissolution for quick batch make-up, 3–5 mm for balanced, low-dust general water treatment, and 5–8 mm big granules for continuous feeders and the cleanest handling. In short: pick the size by your dosing method, not by price.

Sodium thiosulfate pentahydrate (Na₂S₂O₃·5H₂O, CAS 10102-17-7) is a colorless crystalline reducing agent used for chlorine removal, photographic fixing, silver recovery, chrome tanning, and aquaculture. It is supplied in photographic, industrial, and anhydrous grades and in 1–3 mm, 3–5 mm, and 5–8 mm granules. This guide walks through what each grade means, where the material is used, how to dose it for dechlorination, how to store it, and how to buy it in bulk without the common sourcing mistakes.

Pharmaceutical Intermediates sit at the quiet but decisive center of modern drug manufacturing. They are not the finished medicine, and they are not always the active ingredient itself, yet their purity, stability, traceability, and supply reliability can shape the success of the entire production chain.

Every food manufacturer wants the same outcome: products that stay safe, taste right, look appealing, travel well, and arrive on the shelf in the same condition they left the factory. That sounds simple until heat, moisture, oxidation, microbial growth, ingredient instability, and transport conditions start working against you.